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Unpublished Material

Kansas Collection, University of Kansas. "The History of the Lawrence Turnverein." [by Henry Albach].

Kansas Collection, University of Kansas. "Identity Formation in the East Lawrence Neighborhood." [by Cathy Ambler].

Kansas Collection, University of Kansas. "All that Remains are Letters on the Wall." [by Claudia Borchert].

Kansas Collection, University of Kansas. "Nativism in the Land of Opportunity: A German in Kansas, 1857-1919." [by Milissa Brady].

Douglas County Historical Society. "Phillip Albach: A Lawrence Pioneer." [by Mr. Ackerman].

Douglas County Historical Society. "Wilhelm Albert Family History." [by Louise Albert Mueller].

Douglas Historical Society, Lawrence, Kansas. "Turner Hall, Lawrence, Kansas." [by Julia Borel].

Douglas County Historical Society, Lawrence, Kansas. "Prostitution and 'Criminal Behavior in Lawrence, Kansas 1900-1915." [by Bridget Cain].

Douglas County Historical Society, Lawrence, Kansas. "The German Settlement in Lawrence." [by Irene Lubasch].

Douglas County Historical Society, Lawrence, Kansas. "The Challenge of Loyalty: German-Americans in Lawrence during Wold War I." [by Leo Mauler].

Douglas County Historical Society, Lawrence, Kansas. "The Vermilya-Boener House." [by Paul Cavieness].

Douglas County Historical Society, Lawrence, Kansas. "Turner Hall: A Link to the Past Worth Preserving." [unidentified paper].

University Archives, University of Kansas. "Foreign Language Units of Kansas II." Justice Neale Carman papers.

University Archives, University of Kansas. "The History of the Foreign Language Settlements in Lawrence." [by Diane Dawis]. Justice Neale Carmen Box 2.

Public Library, Lawrence Kansas. "History of the German Methodist Episcopal Church in Lawrence." [by Edith Howard].

Cole, Rodney Mahlon. "The Issue was Kansas: The Persuasive Campaign of the New England Emigration Aid Company." Dissertation, University of Kansas, 1970.

Middleton, Kenneth. "Manufacturing in Lawrence, Kansas, 1854-1900." Master's thesis, University of Kansas, 1940.

Nimz, Dale. "Building the 'Historic City': Significant Houses in East Lawrence." Master's thesis, George Washington University, 1985.

Palmer, Emma. "A Study of the German-American Turner-Societies." Master's thesis, University of Kansas, 1958.

Thueringer, Theresa. "Henry Albach: Editor and Agitator, 1914-1918." Master's thesis, University of Kansas, 1984.

Wearing, Ben. "Nineteenth Century Buildings of Lawrence." Master's thesis, University of Kansas, 1955.

Wheeler, Mabel Renney. "The Germanic Element in the Settlement and Development of Kansas." Master's thesis, University of Kansas, 1920.

Other Research Material

Lawrence City Directory and Business Guide, 1860-1918.

The General Statutes of the Territory of Kansas. s.l.: John Brady, Public Printer, 1855.

Book of Minutes of the Leaders and Officers and Congregational meeting of Eudora and Captain Creek and Lawrence of the German Methodist Church September 19, 1892 - August 12, 1902. In private hands of Irma Schaake Padderson, Lawrence, Kansas.

Lawrence, Douglas County, Kansas, Court House. Deed Records of the City of Lawrence.

United States, Bureau of Immigration. Annual Report of the Commissioner General of Immigration, 1892-1918.

United States. German Alien Registration Records of Lawrence, Kansas, 1917-18.

United States, Bureau of Census. Federal Census, Washington, D.C., 1860-1920.

United States, Bureau of Census. Kansas State Census , Washington, D.C., 1865-1915.

Tax Records of the City of Lawrence, Kansas, 1860-1918.

Rowell, George Prebury. American Newspaper Directory. New York: G.P Rowell & Co, 1869-1904

---. American Newspaper Directory. New York: Printers Ink Publication Co, 1905-08.

Ayer, N.W. and Son. American Newspaper Annual and Directory: A Catalogue of American Newspapers. Philadelphia: N.W. Ayer and Son Newspaper Advertising Agents, 1910-1919.

Sanborn Map and Publishing Company. Insurance Maps of Lawrence, Douglas County, Kansas. New York: Sanborn Map and Publishing Company, 1884-1920.

Searl, A.D. Map of Lawrence City, Kansas Territory. Ithaka, New York: Historic Urban Plans, 1970.

Nordamerikanischer Turnerbund. Annual Reports of the Nordamerikanische Turnerbund. Milwaukee, Wisconsin: 1879-1933.

Newspaper Articles

Die Germania, September 23, 1880.
Die Germania, October 28, 1880.
Die Germania, December 23, 1880.
Die Germania, January 10, 1884.
Die Germania, May 22, 1884.
Die Germania, January 21, 1886.
Die Germania, March 17, 1887.
Die Germania, December 27, 1888.
Die Germania, April l4, 1889. Local News.
Die Germania, February 21, 1889. Local News.
Die Germania, April 4, 1889.
Die Germania, April 11, 1889.
Die Germania, May 16, 1889.
Die Germania, May 18, 1889.
Die Germania, June 1889.
Die Lawrence Germania, October 6, 1916.
Die Lawrence Germania, December 18, 1917.
Die Lawrence Germania, August 30, 1818.
Kansas Daily Tribune, November 30, 1867.
Lawrence Daily Journal World, July 20, 1879.
Lawrence Daily Journal World, July 22, 1879.
Lawrence Daily Journal World, January 7, 1918.
Lawrence Daily Journal World, January 14, 1818.
Lawrence Daily Journal World, February 4, 1918.
Lawrence Daily Journal World, February 7, 1918.
Lawrence Daily Journal World, June 20, 1918.
Historic Times, September, 26, 1891.
Republican Daily Journal, April 18, 1869.
Republican Daily Journal, April 23, 1869.
Republican Daily Journal, April 28, 1869.
Republican Daily Journal, May 2, 1869.
Topeka Capital, March 11, 1919.
The Topeka Commonwealth, July 23, 1881.
The Topeka Commonwealth, June 5, 1883.
University Daily Kansan, December 4, 1979.

Abstract | Introduction | Chapter 1 | Chapter 2 | Chapter 3 | Chapter 4 | Chapter 5 | Conclusion | Appendix | Bibliography